510(k) · Cleared
ClearedEndoskeleton™ Interbody Systems
Data to Oct 25, 2026 (FDA decisions) Oct 12, 2026 (recalls) Sep 30, 2026 (MAUDE) refreshed weekly
Medtronic Sofamor Danek USA, Inc. · MAX Intervertebral Fusion Device With Bone Graft, Lumbar
Cleared on Sep 4, 2025 as substantially equivalent to K211258 (Medtronic Sofamor Danek USA, Inc., 2021) after a 118-day review. Its family tree reaches back 26 generations to 1984. 1 of the 471 devices in its family, counting itself, has a Class I recall.
- Decided
- Sep 4, 2025
- Review
- 118 days
- Class
- Class II
- Product code
- MAX
- Recalls
- None
- Predicates
- 1
Its longest line of descent runs back 26 generations to K841189 (1984). 470 ancestors in all, the oldest K792352 (1979). No later device cites it as a predicate yet. 1 of the 471 devices in this family, counting this one, has a Class I recall.
- Root · 26 generations backK841189 Oec/Rezaian Spinal FixatorOrthopedic Equipment Co., Inc. · 1984
- 22 generations between
- 3 generations backK183557 Endoskeleton® TA Interbody Fusion Device, Endoskeleton® TAS…Titan Spine, Inc. · 2019 · Recalled
- 2 generations backK192018 Endoskeleton TA Interbody Fusion Device, Endoskeleton TAS and TAS…Titan Spine, Inc. · 2019 · Recalled
- 1 generation backK211258 Endoskeleton TC Interbody System, Endoskeleton TCS Interbody System…Medtronic Sofamor Danek USA, Inc. · 2021
- This deviceK251444 Endoskeleton™ Interbody SystemsMedtronic Sofamor Danek USA, Inc. · 2025
Show all 26 generations
- Root · 26 generations backK841189 Oec/Rezaian Spinal FixatorOrthopedic Equipment Co., Inc. · 1984
- 25 generations backK990148 Stackable Cage SystemDepuy Motech Acromed · 1999
- 24 generations backK003043 Surgical Titanium Mesh SystemDepuyacromed · 2001
- 23 generations backK022793 Tetris Spinal ImplantSignus Medical, LLC · 2003
- 22 generations backK031757 Peek Tetris Spinal ImplantSignus Medical, LLC · 2003
- 21 generations backK041888 Curved Peek Tetris Spinal ImplantSignus Medizintechnik GmbH · 2004
- 20 generations backK042930 Spacevision Cage SystemSpine Vision, Inc. · 2004
- 19 generations backK062759 Paramount VBR SystemInnovative Spinal Technologies, Inc. · 2007
- 18 generations backK072120 Paramount Intervertebral Body Fusion DeviceInnovative Spinal Technologies, Inc. · 2007
- 17 generations backK073291 Capstone Spinal SystemMedtronic Sofamor Danek USA, Inc. · 2008
- 16 generations backK094025 Crescent Spinal SystemMedtronic Sofamor Danek · 2010
- 15 generations backK110543 Crescent (R) Spinal System TitaniumMedtronic Sofamor Danek USA, Inc. · 2011
- 14 generations backK121683 Acculif TL CageCoalign Innovations, Inc. · 2012
- 13 generations backK123752 Acculif TL and PL CageCoalign Innovations, Inc. · 2013
- 12 generations backK132505 Acculif TL and PL CageCoalign Innovations, Inc. · 2013 · Recalled
- 11 generations backK141217 Acculif TL and PL CageStryker Corporation · 2014 · Recalled
- 10 generations backK143163 AVS® AL and ALign PEEK Spacers, AVS® PL and UniLIF PEEK Spacers…Stryker Corporation · 2015
- 9 generations backK143616 AccuLIF TL and PL CageStryker Corporation · 2015 · Recalled
- 8 generations backK152304 Tritanium PL CageStryker · 2015 · Recalled
- 7 generations backK160955 Tritanium® PL CageStryker · 2016
- 6 generations backK162262 Tritanium® PL CageStryker · 2016
- 5 generations backK171496 Tritanium C Anterior Cervical CageStryker Spine · 2017
- 4 generations backK180364 HD LifeSciences Cervical IBFD SystemHd Lifesciences, LLC · 2018
- 3 generations backK183557 Endoskeleton® TA Interbody Fusion Device, Endoskeleton® TAS…Titan Spine, Inc. · 2019 · Recalled
- 2 generations backK192018 Endoskeleton TA Interbody Fusion Device, Endoskeleton TAS and TAS…Titan Spine, Inc. · 2019 · Recalled
- 1 generation backK211258 Endoskeleton TC Interbody System, Endoskeleton TCS Interbody System…Medtronic Sofamor Danek USA, Inc. · 2021
- This deviceK251444 Endoskeleton™ Interbody SystemsMedtronic Sofamor Danek USA, Inc. · 2025
Class I recalls in this family
- K073202 Ardis Spacer6 generations back · 2008
View FIG. 1 as a table
Line of descent and top descendants
| Generation | Number | Device | Applicant | Decided | Recalls |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| −26 | K841189 | Oec/Rezaian Spinal Fixator | Orthopedic Equipment Co., Inc. | 1984 | — |
| −25 | K990148 | Stackable Cage System | Depuy Motech Acromed | 1999 | — |
| −24 | K003043 | Surgical Titanium Mesh System | Depuyacromed | 2001 | — |
| −23 | K022793 | Tetris Spinal Implant | Signus Medical, LLC | 2003 | — |
| −22 | K031757 | Peek Tetris Spinal Implant | Signus Medical, LLC | 2003 | — |
| −21 | K041888 | Curved Peek Tetris Spinal Implant | Signus Medizintechnik GmbH | 2004 | — |
| −20 | K042930 | Spacevision Cage System | Spine Vision, Inc. | 2004 | — |
| −19 | K062759 | Paramount VBR System | Innovative Spinal Technologies, Inc. | 2007 | — |
| −18 | K072120 | Paramount Intervertebral Body Fusion Device | Innovative Spinal Technologies, Inc. | 2007 | — |
| −17 | K073291 | Capstone Spinal System | Medtronic Sofamor Danek USA, Inc. | 2008 | — |
| −16 | K094025 | Crescent Spinal System | Medtronic Sofamor Danek | 2010 | — |
| −15 | K110543 | Crescent (R) Spinal System Titanium | Medtronic Sofamor Danek USA, Inc. | 2011 | — |
| −14 | K121683 | Acculif TL Cage | Coalign Innovations, Inc. | 2012 | — |
| −13 | K123752 | Acculif TL and PL Cage | Coalign Innovations, Inc. | 2013 | — |
| −12 | K132505 | Acculif TL and PL Cage | Coalign Innovations, Inc. | 2013 | 3 |
| −11 | K141217 | Acculif TL and PL Cage | Stryker Corporation | 2014 | 3 |
| −10 | K143163 | AVS® AL and ALign PEEK Spacers, AVS® PL and UniLIF PEEK Spacers, AVS® TL PEEK… | Stryker Corporation | 2015 | — |
| −9 | K143616 | AccuLIF TL and PL Cage | Stryker Corporation | 2015 | 4 |
| −8 | K152304 | Tritanium PL Cage | Stryker | 2015 | 1 |
| −7 | K160955 | Tritanium® PL Cage | Stryker | 2016 | — |
| −6 | K162262 | Tritanium® PL Cage | Stryker | 2016 | — |
| −5 | K171496 | Tritanium C Anterior Cervical Cage | Stryker Spine | 2017 | — |
| −4 | K180364 | HD LifeSciences Cervical IBFD System | Hd Lifesciences, LLC | 2018 | — |
| −3 | K183557 | Endoskeleton® TA Interbody Fusion Device, Endoskeleton® TAS Interbody Fusion… | Titan Spine, Inc. | 2019 | 3 |
| −2 | K192018 | Endoskeleton TA Interbody Fusion Device, Endoskeleton TAS and TAS… | Titan Spine, Inc. | 2019 | 4 |
| −1 | K211258 | Endoskeleton TC Interbody System, Endoskeleton TCS Interbody System… | Medtronic Sofamor Danek USA, Inc. | 2021 | — |
| 0 (this device) | K251444 | Endoskeleton™ Interbody Systems | Medtronic Sofamor Danek USA, Inc. | 2025 | — |
Other ancestors by year cleared
| Year cleared | Devices | With a Class I recall |
|---|---|---|
| 1979 | 1 | 0 |
| 1980 | 1 | 0 |
| 1996 | 2 | 0 |
| 1998 | 1 | 0 |
| 1999 | 2 | 0 |
| 2000 | 2 | 0 |
| 2001 | 10 | 0 |
| 2002 | 9 | 0 |
| 2003 | 17 | 0 |
| 2004 | 27 | 0 |
| 2005 | 22 | 0 |
| 2006 | 12 | 0 |
| 2007 | 17 | 0 |
| 2008 | 50 | 1 |
| 2009 | 38 | 0 |
| 2010 | 28 | 0 |
| 2011 | 41 | 0 |
| 2012 | 27 | 0 |
| 2013 | 24 | 0 |
| 2014 | 34 | 0 |
| 2015 | 28 | 0 |
| 2016 | 20 | 0 |
| 2017 | 17 | 0 |
| 2018 | 5 | 0 |
| 2019 | 3 | 0 |
| 2020 | 5 | 0 |
| 2021 | 1 | 0 |
Sources: FDA 510(k) database (decision fields), the FDA summary (predicates and indications), FDA recall and enforcement reports, and MAUDE; processed by 510(k) Report. Verify on FDA.gov · Methodology and accuracy.
1 device in this family has a Class I recall. A 510(k) Report weighs predicate choices, recall history and review times for a new device like this one.
Top candidate predicates for a new MAX device
- #1 K203714 NuVasive Thoracolumbar Interbody Systems…score 102.5 · 24 generations · no Class I recall
- #2 Held for the reportin the report
- #3 Held for the reportin the report
What was it cleared against? (1)
Devices the submitter claimed this one is substantially equivalent to (*), and reference devices cited for a specific test or feature (†), as written in the FDA summary.
| Type | Number | Device | Decided |
|---|---|---|---|
| * | K211258 | Endoskeleton TC Interbody System, Endoskeleton TCS Interbody System, Endoskeleton TA…Summary page 7…Panel: 87 Orthopedic Product Codes: OVE, ODP, MAX, OVD Predicate Devices: Primary Predicate Endoskeleton™ Interbody Systems (K211258 S.E. 05/26/2021) Device The Endoskeleton™ Interbody System implants are available in a variety of Description:… | 2021 |
What descends from it?
No later submission names this one as a predicate yet.
Has anything in its family been recalled? (1 Class I)
No FDA recall names this device.
Relatives with a Class I recall
Class I is FDA’s most serious recall class. A recall in the family tree is context for this device, not evidence about it.
- K073202Ardis SpacerAbbott Spine, Inc. · 2008 · 6 generations back · ◆ in the 2008 ancestors bar of FIG. 11 Class I recall
What does this lineage say?
- The line of descent spans 41 years and passes through 15 companies; a new generation was cleared every 10 months on median.
- 53 of the 470 ancestors have a recall of any class; 1 has a Class I recall.
- 7 other devices also cite its predicate K211258.
How does its category compare?
All MAX devicesMAX Intervertebral Fusion Device With Bone Graft, Lumbar: FDA decisions, review times, recalls and adverse event reports over 20 years. 2025, this device’s year, is highlighted.
FDA decisions per year · MAX
29in 2025
2026 to Oct 25, outlined.
Median 510(k) review, days · MAX
85in 2025
Receipt to decision; years with fewer than 3 clearances left blank.
Recalls per year · MAX
5in 2025
Class I (1 since 2007) Class II/III not classified
Adverse event reports per year · MAX
811in 2025
MAUDE reports naming product code MAX, not matched to any one device; reports are not rates.
View these four charts as a table
| Year | Decisions | Median 510(k) review, days | Recalls (Class I) | MAUDE reports |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2007 | 7 | 86 | 0 | 12 |
| 2008 | 35 | 88 | 2 | 19 |
| 2009 | 31 | 102 | 9 | 90 |
| 2010 | 29 | 137 | 0 | 154 |
| 2011 | 49 | 98 | 3 | 201 |
| 2012 | 48 | 69 | 11 (1) | 327 |
| 2013 | 58 | 102 | 0 | 380 |
| 2014 | 58 | 115 | 3 | 366 |
| 2015 | 53 | 113 | 1 | 524 |
| 2016 | 64 | 124 | 6 | 647 |
| 2017 | 76 | 116 | 1 | 596 |
| 2018 | 64 | 114 | 4 | 616 |
| 2019 | 60 | 131 | 1 | 699 |
| 2020 | 56 | 106 | 0 | 640 |
| 2021 | 53 | 109 | 0 | 622 |
| 2022 | 41 | 95 | 1 | 618 |
| 2023 | 30 | 87 | 0 | 576 |
| 2024 | 38 | 91 | 1 | 729 |
| 2025 | 29 | 85 | 5 | 811 |
| 2026 | 18 | 95 | 0 | — |
What is it indicated for?
Endoskeleton™ TA Interbody System The Endoskeleton™ TA Interbody System devices including those with macro-, micro- and nano-roughened surface textured features are indicated for use in skeletally mature patients with Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD, defined as discogenic back pain with degeneration of the disc confirmed by patient history and radiographic studies), degenerative spondylolisthesis, and/or spinal stenosis at one or two contiguous levels…
Read the full statement (1,690 words)
Endoskeleton™ TA Interbody System
The Endoskeleton™ TA Interbody System devices including those with macro-, micro- and nano-roughened surface textured features are indicated for use in skeletally mature patients with Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD, defined as discogenic back pain with degeneration of the disc confirmed by patient history and radiographic studies), degenerative spondylolisthesis, and/or spinal stenosis at one or two contiguous levels from L2-S1 whose condition requires the use of interbody fusion. Patients should have received 6 months of non-operative treatment prior to treatment with the devices. The Endoskeleton™ TA Interbody System implants can also be used as an adjunct to fusion in patients diagnosed with multilevel degenerative scoliosis and sagittal deformity. The device is to be used with supplemental fixation cleared by the FDA for use in the lumbar spine. These patients may also have up to Grade | spondylolisthesis or retrolisthesis at the involved level(s). Endoskeleton™ TA Interbody System is indicated to be used with autograft bone, allograft bone comprised of cancellous and/or corticocancellous bone, demineralized allograft with bone marrow aspirate, or a combination thereof.
Endoskeleton™ TA VBR Interbody System
The Endoskeleton™ TA Vertebral Body Replacement Interbody System devices including those with macro-, micro- and nano-roughened surface textured features are for use in the thoracolumbar spine (T1 — L5) in skeletally mature patients replacing all or part of a collapsed, damaged, or unstable vertebral body due to tumor or trauma (i.e. fracture). The Endoskeleton™ TA Vertebral Body Replacement Interbody System implants can also be used as an adjunct to fusion in patients diagnosed with multilevel degenerative scoliosis and sagittal deformity. The Endoskeleton™ TA Vertebral Body Replacement Interbody System is intended for use with supplemental internal spinal fixation systems cleared by the FDA for use in the lumbar spine. The Endoskeleton™ TA Vertebral Body Replacement Interbody System may be used with autograft bone, allograft bone comprised of cancellous and/or corticocancellous bone, demineralized allograft with bone marrow aspirate, or a combination thereof.
Endoskeleton™ TAS & TAS Hyperlordotic Interbody System
The Endoskeleton™ TAS Interbody System devices including those with macro-, micro- and nano-roughened surface textured features are indicated for use in skeletally mature patients with Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD, defined as discogenic back pain with degeneration of the disc confirmed by patient history and radiographic studies), degenerative spondylolisthesis, and/or spinal stenosis at one or two contiguous levels from L2-S1 whose condition requires the use of interbody fusion. These patients may also have up to Grade | spondylolisthesis or retrolisthesis at the involved levels. Patients should have received 6 months of non-operative treatment prior to treatment with the devices. The device is a standalone system intended to be used with the bone screws provided and requires no additional supplementary fixation. The Endoskeleton™ TAS Interbody System implants can also be used as an adjunct to fusion in patients diagnosed with multilevel degenerative scoliosis and sagittal deformity. However, when used in these patients at multiple levels and for patients with degenerative spondylolisthesis and spinal stenosis at one or two adjacent levels, the Endoskeleton™ TAS Interbody System must be used with a supplemental internal spinal fixation system (e.g., pedicle screw system) cleared by the FDA for use in the lumbar spine in addition to the integrated screws. The device is indicated to be used with autograft bone, allograft bone comprised of cancellous and/or corticocancellous bone, demineralized allograft with bone marrow aspirate, or a combination thereof.
Indications for Hyperlordotic Devices 216"
The Endoskeleton™ TAS Hyperlordotic Interbody System (216°) devices including those with macro-, micro- and nano-roughened surface textured features are indicated for use in skeletally mature patients with DDD, degenerative spondylolisthesis, and/or spinal stenosis at one or two contiguous levels from L2-S1 whose condition requires the use of interbody fusion. These patients may also have up to Grade | spondylolisthesis or retrolisthesis at the involved levels. Implants can also be used as an adjunct to fusion in patients diagnosed with multilevel degenerative scoliosis and sagittal deformity. Patients should have received 6 months of non-operative treatment prior to treatment with the devices. The device is indicated to be used with autograft bone, allograft bone comprised of cancellous and/or corticocancellous bone, demineralized allograft with bone marrow aspirate, or a combination thereof. The Endoskeleton™ TAS Hyperlordotic Interbody System must be used with a posterior supplemental internal spinal fixation cleared by the FDA for use in the lumbar spine.
Endoskeleton™ TC Interbody System
The Endoskeleton™ TC Interbody System devices including those with macro-, micro- and nano-roughened surface textured features are indicated for use for anterior cervical interbody fusion in skeletally mature patients with cervical disc degeneration and/or cervical spinal instability, as confirmed by imaging studies (radiographs, CT, MRI), that results in radiculopathy, myelopathy, and/or pain at multiple contiguous levels from C2 to T1. The Endoskeleton™ TC Interbody System is indicated to be used with supplemental fixation cleared by the FDA for use in the cervical spine and autograft bone, allograft bone comprised of cancellous and/or corticocancellous bone, demineralized allograft with bone marrow aspirate, or a combination thereof.
Endoskeleton™ TCS Interbody System
The Endoskeleton™ TCS Interbody System devices including those with macro-, micro- and nano-roughened surface textured features are intended for use for anterior cervical interbody fusion in skeletally mature patients with cervical disc degeneration and/or instability, as confirmed by imaging studies(radiographs, CT, MRI), that results in radiculopathy, myelopathy, and/or pain at multiple contiguous levels from C2 to T1. The device is indicated to be used with autograft bone, allograft bone comprised of cancellous and/or corticocancellous bone, demineralized allograft with bone marrow aspirate, or a combination thereof. The device is a stand-alone system when used with Endoskeleton™ TCS Interbody System integrated screws. When used without the integrated screws, the Endoskeleton™ TCS Interbody System requires additional supplemental fixation cleared by the FDA for the cervical spine.
Endoskeleton™ TL Interbody System
The Endoskeleton™ TL Interbody System devices including those with macro-, micro- and nano-roughened surface textured features are indicated for use in spinal fusion procedures in skeletally mature patients with Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD, defined as discogenic back pain with degeneration of the disc confirmed by patient history and radiographic studies), degenerative spondylolisthesis, and/or spinal stenosis at one or two contiguous levels from L2-S1 whose condition requires the use of interbody fusion. Patients should have received 6 months of non-operative treatment prior to treatment with the devices. The device must be used with supplemental fixation cleared by the FDA for use in the lumbar spine. These patients may also have up to Grade | spondylolisthesis or retrolisthesis at the involved levels. The Endoskeleton™ TL Interbody System implants can also be used as an adjunct to fusion in patients diagnosed with multilevel degenerative scoliosis and sagittal deformity. It is indicated to be used with autograft bone, allograft bone comprised of cancellous and/or corticocancellous bone, demineralized allograft with bone marrow aspirate, or a combination thereof.
Endoskeleton™ TL Hyperlordotic Interbody System
The Endoskeleton™ TL Hyperlordotic Interbody System (=16°) devices with macro-, micro- and nano-roughened surface textured features are indicated for use in skeletally mature patients with Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD, defined as discogenic back pain with degeneration of the disc confirmed by patient history and radiographic studies), degenerative spondylolisthesis, and/or spinal stenosis at one or two contiguous levels from L2-S1 whose condition requires the use of interbody fusion. These patients may also have up to Grade | spondylolisthesis or retrolisthesis at the involved levels. Patients should have received 6 months of non-operative treatment prior to treatment with the Endoskeleton™ TL Hyperlordotic Interbody System. Patients with previous non-fusion spinal surgery at the involved levels may be treated with the device. The Endoskeleton™ TL Hyperlordotic Interbody System implants can also be used as an adjunct to fusion in patients diagnosed with multilevel degenerative scoliosis and sagittal deformity. The Interbody Device is indicated to be used with autograft bone, allograft bone comprised of cancellous and/or corticocancellous bone, demineralized allograft with bone marrow aspirate, or a combination thereof. The Endoskeleton™ TL Hyperlordotic Interbody System must be used with an integrated lateral plate and bone screw and additionally must be used with posterior supplemental internal spinal fixation cleared by the FDA for use in the lumbar spine.
Endoskeleton™ TO Interbody System
The Endoskeleton™ TO Interbody System devices including those with macro-, micro- and nano-roughened surface textured features are indicated for use in skeletally mature patients with Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD, defined as discogenic back pain with degeneration of the disc confirmed by patient history and radiographic studies), degenerative spondylolisthesis, and/or spinal stenosis at one or two contiguous levels from L2-S1 whose condition requires the use of interbody fusion. Patients should have received 6 months of non-operative treatment prior to treatment with the devices. The device must be used with supplemental fixation cleared by the FDA for use in the lumbar spine. These patients may also have up to Grade | spondylolisthesis or retrolisthesis at the involved levels. The Endoskeleton™ TO Interbody System implants can also be used as an adjunct to fusion in patients diagnosed with multilevel degenerative scoliosis and sagittal deformity. The device is indicated to be used with autograft bone, allograft bone comprised of cancellous and/or corticocancellous bone, demineralized allograft with bone marrow aspirate, or a combination thereof.
Endoskeleton™ TT Interbody System
The Endoskeleton™ TT Interbody System devices including those with macro-, micro- and nano-roughened surface textured features are indicated for use in skeletally mature patients with Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD, defined as discogenic back pain with degeneration of the disc confirmed by patient history and radiographic studies), degenerative spondylolisthesis, and/or spinal stenosis at one or two contiguous levels from L2-S1 whose condition requires the use of interbody fusion. Patients should have received 6 months of non-operative treatment prior to treatment with the devices. The device must be used with supplemental fixation cleared by the FDA for use in the lumbar spine. These patients may also have up to Grade | spondylolisthesis or retrolisthesis at the involved levels. The Endoskeleton™ TT Interbody System implants can also be used as an adjunct to fusion in patients diagnosed with multilevel degenerative scoliosis and sagittal deformity. It is indicated to be used with autograft bone, allograft bone comprised of cancellous and/or corticocancellous bone, demineralized allograft with bone marrow aspirate, or a combination thereof.
Indications for use read by OCR from a scanned FDA summary, so letters may be misread. Check the PDF before quoting it.
https://510kreport.com/device/K251444 · printed Nov 5, 2026
Cite this page
510(k) Report. “K251444: Endoskeleton™ Interbody Systems.” Lineage record from FDA 510(k) data and the FDA summary. Updated Nov 3, 2026. Accessed Nov 5, 2026. https://510kreport.com/device/K251444
Report an extraction error
Are you the manufacturer?
Record history
- FDA decision record loaded May 2, 2026
- Summary read Oct 13, 2026 (extraction version 9eaa42aa01ed)
- Lineage and recalls computed Nov 3, 2026
- Page last updated Nov 3, 2026